History

Today in History (July 21)

356 BC - Herostratus sets fire to the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the World.
230 - St Pontianus begins his reign as Catholic Pope
285 - Diocletian appoints Maximian as Caesar, co-ruler.
365 - Alexandria hit by Earthquake; about 50,000 die
866 - John appointed bishop of the kingdom
905 - Holy Roman Catholic emperor Louis III captured
976 - Emperor Otto II gives earl Leopold I, East Bavaria
1320 - Count Louis of Nevers marries 8-year old daughter of Philips V
1542 - Pope Paul III begins inquisition against Protestants (Sactum Officium)
1545 - The first landing of French troops onto the coast of the Isle of Wight during the French invasion of the Isle of Wight occurs.
1568 - Battle at Jemmingen: Alva’s troops beat Dutch rebellion
1579 - Mechelen surrenders to duke of Parma
1588 - English fleet defeats Spanish armada
1595 - Alvara Mendana discovers Marquesas Island
1669 - John Lockes Constitution of English colony Carolina approved
1718 - The Treaty of Passarowitz between the Ottoman Empire, Austria and the Republic of Venice is signed.
1730 - States of Holland put death penalty on “sodomy”
1749 - Pieter Steyn becomes pension advisor of Holland
1773 - Pope Clemens XIV bans Jesuits
1774 - Peace of Kutsjuk Kainardji (end Russian-Turkish War)
1774 - Russo-Turkish War, 1768-1774: Russia and the Ottoman Empire sign the Treaty of Kuchuk-Kainarji ending the war.
1798 - Napoleon Bonaparte wins Battle of Pyramids in Egypt
1825 - Java princess Dipo Negoro/Mangkubumi declare war on all non-islamics
1831 - Belgium gains independence from Netherlands, Leopold I made king
1836 - 1st Canadian RR opens, between Laprairie & St John, Quebec
1846 - Mormons found 1st English settlement in Calif (San Joaquin Valley)
1861 - 1st major battle of Civil War ends (Bull Run), Va-South wins
1865 - In the market square of Springfield, Missouri, Wild Bill Hickok shoots and kills Davis Tutt in what is regarded as the first true western showdown.
1866 - Cholera-epidemic kills hundreds in London
1867 - City Gardens on Folsom opens
1873 - Jesse James & James Younger gang’s 1st train robbery (Adair Iowa)
1877 - -27] US army breaks railroad strike
1880 - Compressed air accident kills 20 workers on Hudson River tunnel, NY
1884 - 1st Test Cricket match played at Lord’s
1896 - National Federation of Afro-American Women & Colored Women’s
1897 - Tate Gallery opens in England
1898 - Spain cedes Guam to US
1900 - Pope Leo XIII encyclical to Greek-Melkite rite
1904 - After 13 years, the 4,607-mile Trans-Siberian railway is completed
1904 - Camille Jenatzy sets world auto speed record at 65.79 MPH
1918 - U-156 shells Nauset Beach, in Orleans, Massachusetts.
1919 - Anthony Fokker’s establishes airplane factory at Hamburg & Amsterdam
1919 - Dirigible crashes through bank skylight killing 13 (Chicago, Ill)
1921 - Indians (9) & Yankees (7) hit a record 16 doubles
1923 - Phillies score 12 in 6th & beat Cubs 17-4
1925 - Monkey Trial ends-John Scopes found guilty of teaching Darwinism
1928 - 1st woman to win an olympic gold medal - Halina Knonpacka of Poland
1930 - 110°F (43°C) at Millsboro, Delaware (state record)
1930 - US Veterans Administration forms
1931 - Reno race track, becomes 1st in US to use daily double wagering
1933 - Haifa Harbor in Palestine opens
1934 - 113°F (45°C), near Gallipolis, Ohio (state record)
1938 - Paul Hindemith & Leonide Massines ballet premieres in London
1940 - Soviet Union annexes Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania
1940 - VARA-management accepts Rost of Tonningens demands
1941 - 200 Jewish Torahs are burned in Ukraine
1941 - Himmler orders building of Majdanek concentration camp
1942 - 8 die as coal waste heap slides in river valley near Oakwood, Va
1944 - British premier Winston Churchill flies to France, meets Montgomery
1944 - General Koiso becomes premier of Japan
1944 - US forces land on Guam to get rid of Japanese invaders
1944 - Von Kluge warns Hitler of impending collapse of front in Normandy
1945 - Detroit Tigers & Phila A’s play 24 inning 1-1 tie
1946 - Jesus T Pinerol becomes 1st native born Puerto Rican governor
1947 - Indonesia begins 1st political election
1948 - WSPD TV channel 13 in Toledo, OH (NBC) begins broadcasting
1949 - Senate ratifies North Atlantic Treaty by a vote of 82-13 (NATO)
1951 - Dalai Lama returns to Tibet
1952 - 7.8 earthquake shakes Kern County Calif, 14 killed
1952 - Premier Ghavam es-Sultaneh of Persia, resigns
1954 - At Geneva, France agrees to independence of North & South Vietnam
1955 - 1st sub powered by liquid metal cooled reactor launched-Seawolf
1956 - Cin Red pitcher Brooks Lawrence loses after 13 straight wins
1956 - US performs atmospheric nuclear Test at Enwetak
1957 - 1st black to win a major US tennis tournament (Althea Gibson)
1957 - 39th PGA Championship: Lionel Hebert at Miami Valley GC Dayton Ohio
1957 - Marilynn Smith/Fay Crocker wins Hot Springs 4-Ball Golf Tournament
1959 - 1st nuclear powered merchant ship, NS Savannah, christened, Camden NJ
1959 - Red Sox are last team to use a black player (Pumpsie Green)
1960 - Country of Katanga forms in Africa
1960 - In Sri Lanka (then Ceylon) Sirima Bandaranaike is world’s 1st woman PM
1960 - Francis Chichester arrive in NY aboard Gypsy Moth II, setting record of 40 days for a solo Atlantic crossing
1961 - Launch of Mercury 4 (Liberty Bell) with Grissom
1962 - 160 civil right activists jailed after demonstration in Albany Ga
1962 - Battles on Chinese & Indies boundary
1963 - 45th PGA Championship: Jack Nicklaus shoots a 279 at Dallas AC Dallas
1964 - Arnold Long takes 11 catches in the match for Surrey v Sussex
1964 - Mildred Simpson runs female world record marathon (3:19:33)
1964 - Neth last whaling ship Willem Barents Sea sold to Japan
1965 - Pakistan, Iran & Turkey sign Regional Co-Operation pact
1966 - Gemini X returns to Earth
1966 - USSR performs nuclear Test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1968 - 50th PGA Championship: Julius Boros shoots a 281 at Pecan Valley TX
1968 - Carol Mann wins LPGA Buckeye Savings Golf Invitational
1968 - Jan Janssen wins Tour de France: 1st Dutchman
1969 - Neil Armstrong steps on Moon at 2:56:15 AM (GMT)
1969 - Russia’s Luna 15 impacts moon after 52 lunar orbits
1970 - Huge Aswan Dam opens in Egypt
1970 - Libya orders confiscation of all Jewish property
1970 - USSR performs nuclear Test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1970 - Clay Kirby has a no-hitter going for 8 inn, but is lifted for a pinch hitter, Reliever Jack Baldschun gives up 3 hits & Padres lose, 3-0
1971 - US performs nuclear Test at Nevada Test Site
1972 - 2 passenger trains collide head-on killing 76 (Seville, Spain)
1972 - 27.5 cm rainfall at Fort Ripley, Minnesota (state record)
1972 - Bloody Friday: 22 IRA-bombs explode in Belfast
1972 - Dodgers release & end career of pitcher Hoyt Wilhelm
1972 - In NY, 57 murders occur in 24 hours
1973 - Braves Hank Aaron hits Ken Brett’s fastball for his 700th HR
1973 - France performs nuclear Test at Muruora Atoll un the Pacific
1973 - USSR launches Mars 4 for fly-by (2600 km) of red planet
1974 - 29th US Women’s Open Golf Championship won by Sandra Haynie
1974 - Eddy Merckx wins his 5th Tour de France
1974 - House Judiciary approves 2 Articles of Impeachment against Pres Nixon
1975 - Billy Martin fired as Texas Rangers manager
1975 - NY Met Felix Milan hits 4 singles; erased by Joe Torres 4 double plays
1976 - “Guys & Dolls” opens at Broadway Theater NYC for 239 performances
1976 - 1st outbreak of “Legionnaire’s Disease” kills 29 in Phila
1976 - Christopher Ewart-Biggs British ambassador to the Republic of Ireland is assassinated by the Provisional IRA.
1977 - Libyan-Egyptian border fights
1977 - Sri Lanka premier Bandaranaike loses election
1978 - Bolivia milt coup under general Juan Pereda, pres Hugo Banzer flees
1978 - US Postal Service & unions agree on a contract averting mail strike
1978 - World’s strongest dog, 80-kg St Bernard, pulls 2909-kg load 27 m
1979 - 108th British Golf Open: Seve Ballesteros shoots a 283 at Royal Lytham
1979 - National Women’s Hall of Fame (Seneca Falls, NY) dedicated
1980 - Jean-Claude Droyer climbs Eiffel Tower in 2 hrs 18 mins
1981 - Australia set 130 to win, all out 111 at Headingley Willis 8-43
1982 - France performs nuclear Test at Muruora Island
1983 - Polish govt ends 19 months of martial law
1983 - Storm cuts short Diana Ross’ free concert in NY’s Central Park
1983 - US announces Lebanon freed American hostage David Dodge
1984 - 1st documented case of a robot killing a human in US
1984 - Marita Koch of E Germany sets world women’s mark for 200m, 21.71s
1984 - USSR performs underground nuclear Test
1985 - “Leader of the Pack” closes at Ambassador Theater NYC after 120 perfs
1985 - 114th British Golf Open: Sandy Lyle shoots a 282 at Royal St George
1985 - Amina Fakir (Detroit), 23, crowned 18th Miss Black America
1985 - Bernard Hinault wins his 5th & last Tour de France
1985 - Judy Clark wins LPGA Boston Five Golf Classic
1986 - Barbara Palacios Teyde, 22, of Venezuela, crowned 35th Miss Universe
1986 - Pleasure Island plans unveiled
1987 - Kristi Addis, of Mississippi, crowned 5th Miss Teen USA
1988 - ESA’s Ariane-3 launches 2 communications satellites (1 Indian)
1988 - Mass Gov Michael Dukakis accepts Democratic nomination for president
1989 - Eastern Airlines submits a reorganization plan to creditors
1989 - Greg LeMond (US) wins Tour de France in fastest time
1989 - Mike Tyson KOs Carl Williams in 1:33 for heavyweight boxing title
1990 - Goodwill Games opens in Seattle Wash
1990 - Pink Floyds’ “Wall” is performed where Berlin Wall once stood
1991 - 120th British Golf Open: Ian Baker-Finch shoots 272 at Royal Birkdale
1991 - Betsy King wins LPGA JAL Big Apple Golf Classic
1991 - Sharmell Sullivan (Gary Indiana), 20, crowned 23rd Miss Black America
1991 - Ferguson Jenkins, Gaylord Perry, Rod Carew, Tony Lazzeri, & Bill Veeck are elected into the Hall of Fame in Cooperstown, NY
1993 - Angela Kennedy swims world record 50 m butterfly stroke (26.93)
1994 - Tony Blair is declared the winner of the leadership election of the British Labour Party, paving the way for him to become Prime Minister in 1997.
1995 - Brian Lara completes a pair for West Indians v Kent
1995 - KC Royals set club-record of 22 singles in 15 innings
1996 - 125th British Golf Open: Tom Lehman shoots a 271 at Royal Lytham
1996 - Dottie Pepper wins LPGA Friendly’s Golf Classic
1996 - Wayne Gretzky signs a 2 year deal with NY Rangers
1997 - 200-year-old USS Constitution sails under its own power
1997 - NY Yank Mike Whiton held in Milwaukee on charges of sexual assault
1997 - The fully restored USS Constitution (aka “Old Ironsides”) celebrates her 200th birthday by setting sail for the first time in 116 years.
2002 - Telecom giant WorldCom files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in the largest such filing in United States history.
2004 - The United Kingdom government publishes Delivering Security in a Changing World, a paper detailing wide-ranging reform of the country’s armed forces.
2005 - Four terrorist bombings, occurring exactly two weeks after the similar July 7 bombings, target London’s public transportation system. All four bombs fail to detonate and all four suspected suicide bombers are captured and later convicted and imprisoned for long terms.
2007 - Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, the final book in the bestselling Harry Potter series is released.
2008 - Bosnian-Serb war criminal Radovan Karadži? is arrested in Serbia and is indicted by the UN’s ICTY tribunal.

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